What Are Orthopedic Issues in Pugs?

Orthopedic issues refer to problems affecting the bones, joints, muscles, and ligaments. In Pugs, these conditions are fairly common due to their compact build, short legs, and genetic predispositions. Most of these issues affect the hind limbs, though front limbs can be involved too.

Common Orthopedic Conditions in Pugs

1. Hip Dysplasia

• What it is: A genetic condition where the hip joint doesn’t fit properly into the socket, leading to instability and arthritis.

• Symptoms:

  • Stiffness or limping in the hind legs

  • Difficulty rising, jumping, or climbing stairs

  • Muscle loss around the hips

• Diagnosis: X-rays are essential to confirm the deformity and assess arthritis.

• Treatment:

  • Weight control and low-impact exercise

  • Pain relief (NSAIDs, paracetamol, Librela injections)

  • In severe cases, Total Hip Replacement (THR) or Excisional Arthroplasty may be considered.

2. Medial Patellar Luxation (MPL)

• What it is: The kneecap (patella) slips out of place, usually toward the inside of the leg.

• Symptoms:

  • Skipping or hopping gait

  • Sudden lameness that comes and goes

  • Reluctance to walk or play

• Diagnosis: Physical exam and X-rays.

• Treatment:

  • Mild cases: weight management, joint supplements, physiotherapy

  • Severe cases: surgical correction to realign the kneecap

3. Elbow Dysplasia

• What it is: Abnormal development of the elbow joint, leading to arthritis.

• Symptoms:

  • Front leg lameness

  • Swollen elbows

  • Pain when extending the leg

• Diagnosis: X-rays or CT scans.

• Treatment:

  • Anti-inflammatory medications

  • Controlled exercise

  • Surgery in advanced cases

4. Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD)

• What it is: The discs between the vertebrae bulge or rupture, pressing on the spinal cord.

• Symptoms:

  • Back pain or stiffness

  • Weakness or paralysis in the hind legs

  • Reluctance to move or jump

• Diagnosis: MRI or CT scan.

• Treatment:

  • Rest and anti-inflammatory meds

  • Surgery if neurological signs are severe

What to Look Out For

Keep an eye out for these red flags:

• Limping or stiffness, especially after rest

• Reluctance to walk, run, or jump

• Bunny-hopping gait

• Muscle loss in the legs

• Audible clicking or popping in joints

• Signs of pain when touched or moved

What Can a Vet Offer?

Veterinary care is essential for diagnosis and management. Here’s what your vet might recommend:

• Imaging: X-rays, CT scans, or MRIs to assess joint health

• Medications: NSAIDs, painkillers, joint supplements, Librela injections

• Physiotherapy: Hydrotherapy, massage, and strength-building exercises

• Surgery: For severe or unresponsive cases

• Weight Management Plans: To reduce joint stress

🐾 Home Care Tips

• Keep your Pug lean: Excess weight worsens joint problems.

• Use ramps or steps: Help them avoid jumping on furniture.

• Soft bedding: Cushions joints and improves comfort.

• Gentle, regular walks: Avoid high-impact play or rough terrain.

• Joint supplements: Glucosamine, chondroitin, and omega-3s may help.

Can These Issues Be Prevented?

While not all orthopedic issues can be prevented, you can reduce the risk by:

• Choosing a reputable breeder who screens for joint problems

• Keeping your Pug at a healthy weight

• Avoiding overexertion during puppyhood

• Providing regular vet checkups and early intervention

Final Thoughts

Orthopedic issues can be painful and limiting, but with early detection and proper care, many Pugs live happy, active lives. If you notice any changes in your dog’s movement or behavior, don’t wait—your vet can help guide you through the best options.